France: Stacking the Deck
France: Stacking the Deck
France has experienced considerable electoral system change, often for partisan motives, but has invariably returned to the two-round system (also known as the double ballot system) in single-member constituencies. This electoral system is one of the factors responsible for France’s current party system, which for most of the past fifty years has been characterised by centripetal left-right competition, with a wide range of parties, most of which are part of loose alliances. Far-right and Communist parties are highly under-represented in parliament under the two-round electoral system, and overall disproportionality is high. The Fifth Republic has seen the emergence of majoritarianism.
Keywords: French politics, two-round system, double ballot system, disproportionality, party system
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