- Title Pages
- Dedication
- Preface
- Symbols and Units
- Abbreviations
- Physical Constants
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- I Anatomical and Physiological Basis of Bioelectromagnetism
- Chapter 2 Nerve and Muscle Cells
- Chapter 3 Subthreshold Membrane Phenomena
- Chapter 4 Active Behavior of the Membrane
- Chapter 5 Synapses, Receptor Cells, and Brain
- Chapter 6 The Heart
- II Bioelectric Sources and Conductors and their Modeling
- Chapter 7 Volume Source and Volume Conductor
- Chapter 8 Source-Field Models
- Chapter 9 Bidomain Model of Multicellular Volume Conductors
- Chapter 10 Electronic Neuron Models
- III Theoretical Methods in Bioelectromagnetism
- Chapter 11 Theoretical Methods for Analyzing Volume Sources and Volume Conductors
- Chapter 12 Theory of Biomagnetic Measurements
- IV Electric and Magnetic Measurement of the Electric Activity of Neural Tissue
- Chapter 13 Electroencephalography
- Chapter 14 Magnetoencephalography
- V Electric and Magnetic Measurement of the Electric Activity of the Heart
- Chapter 15 12-Lead ECG System
- Chapter 16 Vectorcardiographic Lead Systems
- Chapter 17 Other ECG Lead Systems
- Chapter 18 Distortion Factors in the ECG
- Chapter 19 The Basis of ECG Diagnosis
- Chapter 20 Magnetocardiography
- VI Electric and Magnetic Stimulation of Neural Tissue
- Chapter 21 Functional Electric Stimulation
- Chapter 22 Magnetic Stimulation of Neural Tissue
- VII Electric and Magnetic Stimulation of the Heart
- Chapter 23 Cardiac Pacing
- Chapter 24 Cardiac Defibrillation
- VIII Measurement of the Intrinsic Electric Properties of Biological Tissues
- Chapter 25 Impedance Plethysmography
- Chapter 26 Impedance Tomography
- Chapter 27 The Electrodermal Response
- IX Other Bioelectromagnetic Phenomena
- Chapter 28 The Electric Signals Originating in the Eye
- Appendix A Consistent System of Rectangular and Spherical Coordinates for Electrocardiology and Magnetocardiology
- Appendix B Application of Maxwell's Equations In Bioelectromagnetism
- Name Index
- Subject Index
Theoretical Methods for Analyzing Volume Sources and Volume Conductors
Theoretical Methods for Analyzing Volume Sources and Volume Conductors
- Chapter:
- (p.185) Chapter 11 Theoretical Methods for Analyzing Volume Sources and Volume Conductors
- Source:
- Bioelectromagnetism
- Author(s):
Jaakko Malmivuo
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This chapter presents theoretical methods, the first two of which (the solid angle theorem and the Miller-Geselowitz model) are used to evaluate the electric field in a volume conductor produced by the source — that is, to solve the forward problem. After this discussion follows a presentation of methods used to evaluate the source of the electric field from measurements made outside the source, inside or on the surface of the volume conductor — that is, to solve the inverse problem. These methods are important in designing electrode configurations that optimize the capacity to obtain the desired information. In fact, application of each of the following methods usually results in a particular ECG-lead system.
Keywords: solid angle theorem, volume conductors, volume source, forward problem, inverse problem, electric field
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- Title Pages
- Dedication
- Preface
- Symbols and Units
- Abbreviations
- Physical Constants
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- I Anatomical and Physiological Basis of Bioelectromagnetism
- Chapter 2 Nerve and Muscle Cells
- Chapter 3 Subthreshold Membrane Phenomena
- Chapter 4 Active Behavior of the Membrane
- Chapter 5 Synapses, Receptor Cells, and Brain
- Chapter 6 The Heart
- II Bioelectric Sources and Conductors and their Modeling
- Chapter 7 Volume Source and Volume Conductor
- Chapter 8 Source-Field Models
- Chapter 9 Bidomain Model of Multicellular Volume Conductors
- Chapter 10 Electronic Neuron Models
- III Theoretical Methods in Bioelectromagnetism
- Chapter 11 Theoretical Methods for Analyzing Volume Sources and Volume Conductors
- Chapter 12 Theory of Biomagnetic Measurements
- IV Electric and Magnetic Measurement of the Electric Activity of Neural Tissue
- Chapter 13 Electroencephalography
- Chapter 14 Magnetoencephalography
- V Electric and Magnetic Measurement of the Electric Activity of the Heart
- Chapter 15 12-Lead ECG System
- Chapter 16 Vectorcardiographic Lead Systems
- Chapter 17 Other ECG Lead Systems
- Chapter 18 Distortion Factors in the ECG
- Chapter 19 The Basis of ECG Diagnosis
- Chapter 20 Magnetocardiography
- VI Electric and Magnetic Stimulation of Neural Tissue
- Chapter 21 Functional Electric Stimulation
- Chapter 22 Magnetic Stimulation of Neural Tissue
- VII Electric and Magnetic Stimulation of the Heart
- Chapter 23 Cardiac Pacing
- Chapter 24 Cardiac Defibrillation
- VIII Measurement of the Intrinsic Electric Properties of Biological Tissues
- Chapter 25 Impedance Plethysmography
- Chapter 26 Impedance Tomography
- Chapter 27 The Electrodermal Response
- IX Other Bioelectromagnetic Phenomena
- Chapter 28 The Electric Signals Originating in the Eye
- Appendix A Consistent System of Rectangular and Spherical Coordinates for Electrocardiology and Magnetocardiology
- Appendix B Application of Maxwell's Equations In Bioelectromagnetism
- Name Index
- Subject Index