Stress and the Hippocampus
Stress and the Hippocampus
This chapter focuses on the role of the hippocampal formation and other “higher” structures, such as the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, in the negative feedback regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis—the major system involved in orchestrating the body's reactions to both acute and chronic stress. It considers findings relevant to the stress-hippocampus link beginning with a model of HPA axis regulation. It then turns to allostatic modulation of hippocampal processing and, next, to the problems that arise with allostatic load. This is followed by discussion of the interaction between the hippocampus and other brain structures in regulating stress and, finally, the mechanistic issue of how the hippocampus orchestrates certain cognitive sequelae of arousing aversive experiences.
Keywords: hippocampal formation, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, allostatic modulation
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