Trafficking of Glutamate Receptors
Trafficking of Glutamate Receptors
The molecular composition of the excitatory synapses is far from static. Indeed, changes in the localization and density of excitatory amino acid receptors are now recognized as an essential mechanism through which synaptic strength can be modified and regulated. Receptor trafficking refers not only to the movement of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the synaptic membranes, but also to the internalization of these proteins, as well as their lateral movement to and from extrasynaptic locales. In the last few years, there has been an explosion of interest and new information on the trafficking of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-4-propionate (AMPA) receptors and the relevance of these processes to synaptic plasticity. This chapter discusses the trafficking of AMPA receptors, kainate receptors, NMDA receptors, and metabotropic glutamate receptors.
Keywords: excitatory synapses, excitatory amino acid receptors, synaptic plasticity, receptor trafficking, AMPA receptors, kainate receptors, NMDA receptors, metabotropic glutamate receptors
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