Forging the Nation
Forging the Nation
The Postrevolutionary Years
This chapter contextualizes the historical, political, and ideological trajectory through eras of prehispanicity, colonization, independence with burgeoning forms of nationalism and indigenismo, leading to a period of revolution in the early twentieth century. Focusing on the postrevolutionary period, particular emphasis is placed on issues of ethnicity, race, nationalism, indigenismo, and mestizaje. The role of governmental institutions, and artists, intellectuals, and politicians working in an official capacity through state organizations is discussed, specifically centering on education and anthropology, the Secretariat of Education (SEP), Misiones Culturales (Cultural Missions), José Vasconcelos, and Manuel Gamio. Elements of folklore, music, dance, and theater are outlined, with particular reference to the regional, folkloric, synthetic, and open-air theater movements, the magazine Mexican Folkways, and two events of 1921, Noche Mexicana (Mexican Night) and the Exhibición de Artes Populares (Exhibition of Popular Arts).
Keywords: postrevolutionary nationalism, indigenismo, mestizaje, ethnicity, Secretariat of Education, anthropology, Mexican Folkways, theater movements
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