Quantum noise and dissipation
Quantum noise and dissipation
Dissipation and noise are treated by dividing the world into the sample and the environment. For weak sample-environment coupling, the environment is modeled by one or more reservoirs, represented by families of harmonic oscillators. Noise statistics are determined by the initial reservoir state, and adiabatic elimination is combined with the Heisenberg-picture equations of motion to express each reservoir operator as the sum of its initial value and a term representing the action of the sample on the reservoir. This approach yields the quantum Langevin equation for photons in a lossy cavity. It is extended to the input-output method describing the propagation of photons through a resonant cavity. A similar analysis for atoms is used to construct a model for incoherent pumping. The chapter ends with a discussion of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, quantum regression, photon bunching, and resonance fluorescence.
Keywords: world, sample, environment, reservoir, noise statistics, Langevin equation, fluctuation-dissipation theorem, quantum regression, photon bunching, resonance fluorescence
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