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Brain Damage, Brain Repair$
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Brain Damage, Brain Repair

James W. Fawcett, Anne E. Rosser, and Stephen B. Dunnett

Print publication date: 2002

Print ISBN-13: 9780198523376

Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: March 2012

DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198523376.001.0001

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PRINTED FROM OXFORD SCHOLARSHIP ONLINE (oxford.universitypressscholarship.com). (c) Copyright Oxford University Press, 2021. All Rights Reserved. An individual user may print out a PDF of a single chapter of a monograph in OSO for personal use. date: 05 March 2021

Primary neuronal transplantation

Primary neuronal transplantation

Chapter:
(p.313) 23 Primary neuronal transplantation
Source:
Brain Damage, Brain Repair
Author(s):

James W. Fawcett

Anne E. Rosser

Stephen B. Dunnett

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198523376.003.0023

Even though in a few situations we can now induce the damaged brain to repair itself by spontaneous reorganization and regeneration, there still remain many circumstances where intrinsic repair processes are ineffective. The most obvious situation is where there is progressive or complete loss of some one or other essential population of neurones that cannot be substituted by another (spared) set of neurones. For example, it has been observed that dopamine neurons have a remarkable capacity to undergo biochemical plasticity. Following partial damage of some neurones, the remaining dopamine neurones are upregulated and compensate for biochemical and functional loss. In Parkinson's disease, such plastic processes can retard the development of symptoms early in the disease, and pharmacological replacement strategies are clearly effective in the middle stages of the disease. However, as Parkinson's disease progresses, the drug response becomes dominated by devastating side-effects. It was in trying to resolve the issues of dopamine system repair that neuronal grafts were first found to be functionally effective. This problem guides the selection of examples and provides the main focus of discussion in this chapter.

Keywords:   biochemical plasticity, neuronal transplantation, functional loss, replacement strategies, drug response, Parkinson's disease

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