- Title Pages
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Contributors
- Abbreviations
- 1 The cytoskeleton of the squid giant axon
- 2 The nervous system of <i>Loligo pealei</i> provides multiple models for analysis of organelle motility
- 3 Cyclic nucleotide homeostasis and axonal G proteins in the squid <i>Loligo forbesi</i>
- 4 The detection and properties of electrogenic Na<sup>+</sup>–K<sup>+</sup> transport in the squid axon membrane
- 5 Resting And Active K<sup>+</sup> Channels In The Squid Axon Membrane
- 6 Studies of the kinetics of the ionic and gating currents in the axons of <i>Loligo forbesi</i> as a guide to modelling of the sodium channel
- 7 An improved voltage clamp for gating current recording from the squid giant axon
- 8 Voltage Dependence of Sodium Channel Inactivation In The Squid Giant Axon
- 9 Tetrodotoxin affects sodium gating current in squid giant axon
- 10 Single-channel properties and gating of Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> channels in the squid giant axon
- 11 The effects of internal Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> on ion channels in the squid giant axon
- 12 Anaesthetics, Convulsants, And The Squid Axon Membrane
- 13 Control of the spatial distribution of sodium channels in the squid giant axon and its cell bodies
- 14 Electrophysiology of squid Schwann cells
- 15 The pharmacology of receptors present on squid giant axon Schwann cells
- 16 Periaxonal ion regulation in the squid
- 17 Synaptic transmission in the squid stellate ganglion
- 18 Multiple calcium signalling pathways in squid giant presynaptic terminals
- 19 Chemical transmission at the squid giant synapse
- 20 The structure and physiology of cephalopod muscle fibres
- 21 Organization of cephalopod chromatophore systems: a neuromuscular image-generator
- 22 Neurotransmitters of squid chromatophores
- 23 Diffusion properties of the microenvironment of cephalopod brain
- 24 Cephalopod brains: promising preparations for brain physiology
- 25 Intracellular recordings from the chromatophore lobes of <i>Octopus</i>
- 26 Multiple matrices in the memory system of <i>Octopus</i>
- 27 A novel occluding junction forms the blood–brain barrier in cephalopod molluscs
- 28 Cerebrovascular organization and dynamics in cephalopods
- 29 Squid rhodopsin
- 30 The firefly squid, <i>Watasenia scintillans</i>, has three visual pigments
- 31 The statocysts of cephalopods
- 32 Physiology of squid olfaction
- Index
The cytoskeleton of the squid giant axon
The cytoskeleton of the squid giant axon
- Chapter:
- (p.3) 1 The cytoskeleton of the squid giant axon
- Source:
- Cephalopod Neurobiology
- Author(s):
J. Adjaye
P.A.M. Eagles
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This chapter discusses the cytoskeleton of the squid giant axon. The squid giant axon has given invaluable information about the axonal cytoskeleton and has, for decades, provided an unparalleled model for studies on the cytoskeleton. A major feature of the preparations is that the cytoplasm of the axon can be easily removed from the surrounding membrane, and thus pure neuronal axoplasm can be studied, free of contamination from the axolemma and from other cell types. Hundreds of milligrams of axoplasm can be quickly extracted from a single axon, providing enough material in a near native state for conventional biochemistry. It is not surprising, therefore, that studies on the squid giant axon have been pivotal in understanding the structure and function of neurofilaments and microtubules, major elements of this cytoskeleton. The most abundant cytoskeletal component in squid axoplasm is the neurofilament. The neurofilament polypeptides constitute about 13 per cent of the total axoplasmic protein, and most of these molecules (95 per cent) are polymerized into stable structures that do not readily exchange subunits with the environment. The polypeptide structure has been analysed, and the filaments shown to belong to the family of intermediate filaments. They are altered by two post-translational events: proteolysis and phosphorylation. Progress on cloning squid neurofilament genes is described.
Keywords: cytoskeleton, squid giant axon, cloning, squid neurofilament, Neurofilament polypeptides, axoplasm
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- Title Pages
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Contributors
- Abbreviations
- 1 The cytoskeleton of the squid giant axon
- 2 The nervous system of <i>Loligo pealei</i> provides multiple models for analysis of organelle motility
- 3 Cyclic nucleotide homeostasis and axonal G proteins in the squid <i>Loligo forbesi</i>
- 4 The detection and properties of electrogenic Na<sup>+</sup>–K<sup>+</sup> transport in the squid axon membrane
- 5 Resting And Active K<sup>+</sup> Channels In The Squid Axon Membrane
- 6 Studies of the kinetics of the ionic and gating currents in the axons of <i>Loligo forbesi</i> as a guide to modelling of the sodium channel
- 7 An improved voltage clamp for gating current recording from the squid giant axon
- 8 Voltage Dependence of Sodium Channel Inactivation In The Squid Giant Axon
- 9 Tetrodotoxin affects sodium gating current in squid giant axon
- 10 Single-channel properties and gating of Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup> channels in the squid giant axon
- 11 The effects of internal Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> on ion channels in the squid giant axon
- 12 Anaesthetics, Convulsants, And The Squid Axon Membrane
- 13 Control of the spatial distribution of sodium channels in the squid giant axon and its cell bodies
- 14 Electrophysiology of squid Schwann cells
- 15 The pharmacology of receptors present on squid giant axon Schwann cells
- 16 Periaxonal ion regulation in the squid
- 17 Synaptic transmission in the squid stellate ganglion
- 18 Multiple calcium signalling pathways in squid giant presynaptic terminals
- 19 Chemical transmission at the squid giant synapse
- 20 The structure and physiology of cephalopod muscle fibres
- 21 Organization of cephalopod chromatophore systems: a neuromuscular image-generator
- 22 Neurotransmitters of squid chromatophores
- 23 Diffusion properties of the microenvironment of cephalopod brain
- 24 Cephalopod brains: promising preparations for brain physiology
- 25 Intracellular recordings from the chromatophore lobes of <i>Octopus</i>
- 26 Multiple matrices in the memory system of <i>Octopus</i>
- 27 A novel occluding junction forms the blood–brain barrier in cephalopod molluscs
- 28 Cerebrovascular organization and dynamics in cephalopods
- 29 Squid rhodopsin
- 30 The firefly squid, <i>Watasenia scintillans</i>, has three visual pigments
- 31 The statocysts of cephalopods
- 32 Physiology of squid olfaction
- Index