The role of translocation in primate conservation
The role of translocation in primate conservation
Humans have translocated thousands of nonhuman primates for conservation, welfare, economic, political, aesthetic, religious, and scientific reasons. Translocations that are intended to promote conservation should increase the probability of the establishment of a self-sustaining population of the species and/or restore critical ecological functions. Nine successful conservation-motivated nonhuman primate translocations, involving fewer than 800 individuals, are described. Translocation has not been used extensively as a conservation tool for nonhuman primates, although it may play a larger role in the future. Many primates have been translocated for welfare purposes: to avoid their certain death or to improve their wellbeing. Conservation-motivated translocations are also designed and conducted to maintain wellbeing, but there are inherent risks in moving nonhuman primates to new environments. Body size, niche breadth, and being born in captivity or in the wild are shown to have direct and indirect effects on the probability of success of nonhuman primate translocations.
Keywords: nonhuman primates, apes, translocation, reintroduction, conservation, animal welfare, captive breeding, zoos, body size
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