Quickening, August 1898–August 1914
Quickening, August 1898–August 1914
A quickened interest in the peace movement was sparked by The Tsar's Rescript of August 29, 1898 inviting other countries to a peace conference. Its ideas suddenly became prominent: the Hague conference of 1899 created an international court of arbitration, this was followed by a second gathering in 1907. In 1901, the word ‘pacifist’ rose to prominence and in 1904 regular National Peace Congresses began. However, these developments reflected a greater breath of interest in war prevention as more people became anxious about the international situation rather than an increased depth of commitment to peace activism. The balance within the peace movement changed significantly, and so did ad hoc bodies including the International Crusade of Peace and a Stop-the-War movement that opposed the conflict in South Africa.
Keywords: Hague conference, Boer War, Tsar's Rescript, court of arbitration, pacifists, National Peace Congress, Germany, peace movement, international relations
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