The International Protection of Individual Rights Before 1939
The International Protection of Individual Rights Before 1939
In 1939, there existed at the international level no universal or regional arrangements protecting individuals against their own governments. This chapter traces the institutions and arrangements which did then exist: the antecedents to the rise of international human rights protection. These included the right of humanitarian intervention, the embryonic humanitarian law of war, the notion of international personal responsibility for war crimes, the movement to suppress the slave trade, and the system of protection for minorities, originally under the capitulations, and later under treaties. It includes an account of minority protection under the League of Nations, and of the elaborate system established temporarily for Upper Silesia.
Keywords: humanitarian intervention, law of war, war crimes, slave trade, capitulations, minorities, League of Nations, Upper Silesia
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