Assam, Nagaland, and Jammu & Kashmir
Assam, Nagaland, and Jammu & Kashmir
The First Special Category States
This chapter discusses the circumstances leading to the award of special category status to three states—Assam, Nagaland and Jammu & Kashmir — for the first time in 1969. The chapter describes brief histories of each of these states, their precarious socio-economic situations, and the severe resource constraints faced by them at that time. It traces the subsequent developments and progress made by these states in terms of improvements effected in their socio-economic indicators and the management of their public finances over the decades. The chapter explores the roots of insurgency in these states and how it had severely constrained their development. For each of these states, the chapter describes the priorities of their five-year plans and sums up the contribution of liberal central assistance to their survival and continuous expansion of social and physical infrastructure. The chapter discusses the also debt problems common to all special category states and presents socio-economic and public finance data for these states during 1970–71 to 2010–11.
Keywords: Assam agitation, changing demography, Insurgency in Nagaland, NSCN, Corruption, public finance, planning, Kashmir’s Accession to India, Article 370, Kashmir Intifada
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