Electrocaloric effect in ferroelectrics and ferroelectric thin films
Electrocaloric effect in ferroelectrics and ferroelectric thin films
A theory of the electrocaloric effect is presented. It is shown that the electrocaloric effect in ferroelectrics is maximal at the electric‐field‐induced first‐order phase transition, whereas it is maximal in relaxors at the electric‐field‐induced critical end point. The maximum efficiencies ΔT/ΔE and ΔS/ΔE for various samples are presented. It is shown that in relaxors a giant electrocaloric effect takes place at the critical end point where also the electromechanical response is largest. A universal expression for the maximum temperature change in the saturation regime is derived that is valid both for electrocaloric and magnetocaloric systems.
Keywords: electrocaloric effect, ferroelectrics, relaxors, thin films, maximum efficiencies, giant electrocaloric effect, critical end point, magnetocaloric effects
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