The Dynamics of EU Migration Policy: From Maastricht to Lisbon *
The Dynamics of EU Migration Policy: From Maastricht to Lisbon *
Over the last two decades EU migration policy has undergone an astonishing ascent from modest and obscure beginnings to an increasingly mature and vibrant field of EU policy-making. The purpose of this chapter is to explain this development across the past three Treaty revisions. It particularly focuses on decision rules and the institutional set-up of EU asylum and immigration policy, subjecting the results of the Intergovernmental Conference negotiations to causal analysis. Drawing on a revised neofunctionalist framework, four factors are suggested to account for processes of supranationalisation in this field: (a) functional pressures; (b) the role of supranational institutions; (c) socialisation, deliberation and learning processes; and (d) countervailing pressures.
Keywords: Amsterdam Treaty, asylum, domestic constraints, immigration, intergovernmental Conferences, Lisbon Treaty, migration, negotiations, neofunctionalism, Nice Treaty, socialisation, supranational Institutions, treaty revision
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