- Title Pages
- Preface to third edition
- Preface to second edition
- Preface to first edition
-
1 Introduction -
2 ANIMALIA (METAZOA) -
3 Prelude: Phylum Choanoflagellata -
4 Early animal radiation -
5 Phylum Silicea -
6 EURADICULATA -
7 Phylum Calcarea -
8 PROEPITHELIOZOA -
9 Phylum Homoscleromorpha -
10 EUMETAZOA (GASTRAEOZOA) -
11 Phylum Placozoa -
12 NEURALIA -
13 Phylum Cnidaria -
14 TRIPLOBLASTICA -
15 Phylum Ctenophora -
16 BILATERIA -
17 ACOELOMORPHA -
18 Phylum Acoela -
19 Phylum Nemertodermatid -
20 Phylum Xenoturbellida -
21 EUBILATERIA -
22 PROTOSTOMIA -
23 SPIRALIA (LOPHOTROCHOZOA) -
24 SCHIZOCOELIA -
25 Phylum Annelida -
26 Phylum Sipuncul -
27 Phylum Mollusca -
28 Phylum Nemertin -
29 Phylum Platyhelminthes -
30 Phylum Gastrotricha -
31 GNATHIFERA -
32 Phylum Gnathostomulida -
33 Phylum Micrognathozoa -
34 Phylum Rotifera -
35 POLYZOA (BRYOZOA s.l.) -
36 Phylum Entoprocta -
37 Phylum Cycliophora -
38 Phylum Bryozo (Ectoprocta) -
39 BRACHIOZOA -
40 Phylum Phoronida -
41 Phylum Brachiopoda -
42 ECDYSOZOA -
43 PANARTHROPODA -
44 Phylum Arthropoda -
45 Phylum Onychophora -
46 Phylum Tardigrada -
47 CYCLONEURALIA -
48 NEMATOIDEA -
49 Phylum Nematoda -
50 Phylum Nematomorpha -
51 SCALIDOPHORA -
52 Phylum Priapul -
53 Phylum Kinorhynch -
54 Phylum Loricifera -
55 Phylum Chaetognatha -
56 DEUTEROSTOMIA -
57 AMBULACRARIA -
58 Phylum Echinodermata -
59 HEMICHORDATA -
60 Phylum Enteropneusta -
61 Phylum Pterobranchia -
62 CHORDATA -
63 Phylum Cephalochordata -
64 Phylum Urochordata -
65 Phylum Vertebrata (Craniata) -
66 Problematica - Systematic index
- Subject index
- Plates
Phylum Tardigrada
Phylum Tardigrada
The Tardigrada, or water bears, is a small phylum comprised of about 1,000 described species of microscopic animals found in almost all types of permanently or periodically moist habitats, including the soil, the deep sea, hot springs, glaciers, and mosses. Three known species are the eutardigrade Thulinia, the heterotardigrade Echiniscoides, and the parthenogenetic eutardigrade Hypsibius. Morphological studies generally recognise two orders, Heterotardigrada and Eutardigrada. Despite their seemingly unquestioned monophyly, the tardigrades have been associated with different groups, such as panartropods and cycloneuralians.
Keywords: water bears, Tardigrada, Thulinia, Echiniscoides, Heterotardigrada, Eutardigrada, monophyly, tardigrades, panartropods, cycloneuralians
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- Title Pages
- Preface to third edition
- Preface to second edition
- Preface to first edition
-
1 Introduction -
2 ANIMALIA (METAZOA) -
3 Prelude: Phylum Choanoflagellata -
4 Early animal radiation -
5 Phylum Silicea -
6 EURADICULATA -
7 Phylum Calcarea -
8 PROEPITHELIOZOA -
9 Phylum Homoscleromorpha -
10 EUMETAZOA (GASTRAEOZOA) -
11 Phylum Placozoa -
12 NEURALIA -
13 Phylum Cnidaria -
14 TRIPLOBLASTICA -
15 Phylum Ctenophora -
16 BILATERIA -
17 ACOELOMORPHA -
18 Phylum Acoela -
19 Phylum Nemertodermatid -
20 Phylum Xenoturbellida -
21 EUBILATERIA -
22 PROTOSTOMIA -
23 SPIRALIA (LOPHOTROCHOZOA) -
24 SCHIZOCOELIA -
25 Phylum Annelida -
26 Phylum Sipuncul -
27 Phylum Mollusca -
28 Phylum Nemertin -
29 Phylum Platyhelminthes -
30 Phylum Gastrotricha -
31 GNATHIFERA -
32 Phylum Gnathostomulida -
33 Phylum Micrognathozoa -
34 Phylum Rotifera -
35 POLYZOA (BRYOZOA s.l.) -
36 Phylum Entoprocta -
37 Phylum Cycliophora -
38 Phylum Bryozo (Ectoprocta) -
39 BRACHIOZOA -
40 Phylum Phoronida -
41 Phylum Brachiopoda -
42 ECDYSOZOA -
43 PANARTHROPODA -
44 Phylum Arthropoda -
45 Phylum Onychophora -
46 Phylum Tardigrada -
47 CYCLONEURALIA -
48 NEMATOIDEA -
49 Phylum Nematoda -
50 Phylum Nematomorpha -
51 SCALIDOPHORA -
52 Phylum Priapul -
53 Phylum Kinorhynch -
54 Phylum Loricifera -
55 Phylum Chaetognatha -
56 DEUTEROSTOMIA -
57 AMBULACRARIA -
58 Phylum Echinodermata -
59 HEMICHORDATA -
60 Phylum Enteropneusta -
61 Phylum Pterobranchia -
62 CHORDATA -
63 Phylum Cephalochordata -
64 Phylum Urochordata -
65 Phylum Vertebrata (Craniata) -
66 Problematica - Systematic index
- Subject index
- Plates
