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Animal EvolutionInterrelationships of the Living Phyla$
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Animal Evolution: Interrelationships of the Living Phyla

Claus Nielsen

Print publication date: 2011

Print ISBN-13: 9780199606023

Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: December 2013

DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199606023.001.0001

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Phylum Pterobranchia

Phylum Pterobranchia

Chapter:
(p.343) 61 Phylum Pterobranchia
Source:
Animal Evolution
Author(s):

Claus Nielsen

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
DOI:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199606023.003.0061

The Pterobranchia, one of the smallest phyla in the animal kingdom, consists of only three genera of marine, benthic organisms: Rhabdopleura, Cephalodiscus, and Atubaria. The fossil record of Rhabdopleura-like forms dates back to the Middle Cambrian, and the rhabdopleurids are now believed to be closely related to the highly diverse fossil group Graptolithina (Cambrian-Carboniferous). The pterobranchs are unquestionably monophyletic, and have been placed as both a sister group and an ingroup of the enteropneusts.

Keywords:   pterobranchs, Pterobranchia, Rhabdopleura, Cephalodiscus, Atubaria, Graptolithina, enteropneusts, rhabdopleurids

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