(p.xi) List of Figures
(p.xi) List of Figures
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2.1 Input subsidy impacts on output supply, price, and stakeholder welfare 16
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2.2 A conceptual framework for investigating agricultural input subsidies’ impacts 43
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4.1 Vicious circle of the low productivity maize production trap 72
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4.2 Subsidy impacts on beneficiary households and the rural economy 75
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II.1 Processes and influences linking and affecting inputs, implementation, and impacts 86
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5.5 Subsidized fertilizer market costs and unsubsidized market prices, 2006–11 99
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5.7 Percentage of beneficiaries reporting receipt of maize fertilizer coupons by end of each month 107
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6.1 Increases in maize production estimates above 2002/3 and 2003/4 base 132
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7.4 Maize prices and estimated quantity consumed per capita from 1993/4 to 2010/11 production seasons 153
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7.5 Average farm-gate maize prices, tobacco prices, and ganyu wages, 2009–11 157
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8.1 Structure of the fertilizer industry in Malawi in 2010 169
- (p.xii)
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8.4 Number of bids and awards in fertilizer procurement, 2008/9–11/12 175
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8.5 Value and value share of subsidized fertilizers supplied by sector, 2007/8–11/12 176
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8.6 Sources of households’ commercial fertilizer purchases, 2006/7–10/11 178
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8.7 Mean quantities of commercial fertilizer purchases per household, 2006/7–10/11 179
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8.8 Values and value shares of subsidized maize seed sales, 2007/8–11/12 186
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8.9 Households accessing improved maize seeds by retailer, 2006/7–10/11 187
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8.10 Volumes of improved maize seeds purchased per household, 2008/9 and 2010/11 188
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10.2 Maize fertilizer voucher redemption per household per region, 2005/6–10/11 230
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10.3 Proportion of male- and female-headed households receiving fertilizer coupons, 2006/7–10/11 237
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11.1 Termination, potential graduation, and actual graduation 249