Policy discourse and the reality of national innovation
Policy discourse and the reality of national innovation
Chapter 5 concludes that the rapid economic growth of Finland in the 1990s based on the rise of the ICT sector cannot be explained by an innovation policy. A more credible explanation is the combination of deregulation in the late 1980s and Nokia's decision to focus on the digital GMS technology a few years before the international market of cellular phones started to explode. In order to be performative and able to create social reality, a policy paradigm — such as national innovation system — needs to be complemented by relevant policy instruments and tools. During the 1990s and 2000s the measurement and comparison of innovative performance of countries or ‘efficiency’ of national innovation systems became a fundamental tool of making innovation policy. It is not, however, possible to derive concrete policy advices or policy instruments from these comparisons.
Keywords: Finnish, ICT sector, Nokia, social reality, innovation policy, deregulation, policy instruments
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