Knowledge Integration and Innovation: A Survey of the Field
Knowledge Integration and Innovation: A Survey of the Field
This chapter surveys the literature on knowledge integration. Three approaches to knowledge integration are identified: (a) knowledge integration as knowledge sharing or knowledge transfer; (b) knowledge integration as the use of related knowledge; and (c) knowledge integration as the combination of specialized and complementary knowledge. Empirical studies of knowledge integration are categorized into those that investigate factors influencing knowledge integration and those that study the outcomes of knowledge integration. Studies of influencing factors have in particular pointed to task characteristics, knowledge characteristics, and relational characteristics, while studies of outcomes of knowledge integration have primarily focused on outcomes pertaining to efficiency, effectiveness, and innovation. The chapter identifies needs for further research on the multilevel context of knowledge integration, the creative and dynamic aspects of knowledge integration, and the project-based setting of knowledge integration.
Keywords: knowledge sharing, knowledge transfer, knowledge relatedness, knowledge integration outcomes, knowledge characteristics, knowledge complementarity, knowledge specialization
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