Cultural Beliefs And The Gendering Of Social Relations
Cultural Beliefs And The Gendering Of Social Relations
The chapter first examines the nature and content of contemporary cultural beliefs about gender, as represented in widely known, culturally hegemonic gender stereotypes. Gender stereotypes have descriptive and prescriptive aspects, act as the rules for coordinating behavior in terms of gender, contain gender status beliefs, and have a reciprocal relationship with material arrangements between men and women. Drawing on expectation states theory and a large body of empirical evidence, the chapter shows how gender stereotypes shape judgments, interpersonal behavior, and social outcomes in contextually varying ways, with gender typically acting as a background identity in social relations. The interpersonal effects of gender stereotypes fall into a distinctive pattern of biases for status and competence and expectations for women's communality.
Keywords: gender stereotypes, hegemonic beliefs, expectation states theory, status bias, interpersonal behavior, background identity, communality
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