The Maturation of Pan African Nationalism
The Maturation of Pan African Nationalism
This chapter discusses the rise of Pan Africanism as a dominant ideology of the late 1960s. It examines the emergence of cadres of organizers as a framework for the practice of “Pan African nationalism,” the fusion of black nationalist and Pan Africanist politics. Many activists saw Pan African nationalism and the construction of independent black institutions as critical components of a new phase of struggle. The Congress of African People (CAP) was the main organizational expression of Pan African nationalism. This chapter profiles several Pan African nationalist schools associated with CAP. It explores the political contradictions of the quest for “Africanization,” critiquing the patriarchy and idealism of such campaigns. The chapter concludes with a discussion of Left Pan Africanism as an alternative to the essentialism of Racial Pan Africanism. The theories of West African revolutionary Amilcar Cabral and other international influences behind the shift to Left Pan Africanism are explored.
Keywords: Amiri Baraka, African Free School, Haki Madhubuti, Congress of African People, Africanization, African Socialism, Racial Pan Africanism, Left Pan Africanism, Festival of Pan-African Culture, Amilcar Cabral
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