The Beginnings of Twentieth-Century Protest in the Niagara Movement’s Experience, 1906–1909
The Beginnings of Twentieth-Century Protest in the Niagara Movement’s Experience, 1906–1909
This chapter examines the Niagara Movement's history from 1906 until its merger into the NAACP in 1909. It analyzes the principles that motivated its inspirational 1906 Harper's Ferry meeting, as well as the biographies and activities of the Niagara Movement's first women members and of its central test case plaintiff, Barbara E. Pope. It assesses the lessons Du Bois and others drew from the Niagara Movement experience, including lessons about the relationship between law and racial justice activism and about the necessary ingredients for building a sustainable national organization in the face of the adverse political and social conditions of the era.
Keywords: Reverdy C. Ransom, Barbara E. Pope, Niagara Movement's admission of women, Niagara Movement women activists' biographies, Niagara Movement history, Niagara Movement as NAACP predecessor, W.E.B. Du Bois political development
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