This chapter examines the factors that led to the abolition of the slave trade. The weaknesses in the mixed court system led the British government to replace it with a combination of military force and domestic courts. The pressure brought by this shift in strategy led to changes in the domestic policies of Portugal and Brazil, that culminated in the ultimate suppression of the slave trade under the domestic laws of those countries. However, the last surviving branch of the transatlantic slave trade, the traffic to Cuba, was only eliminated when the British turned back to cooperative international legal action by concluding a treaty with the Americans. On April 25, 1862, the U.S. Senate unanimously ratified a treaty with Britain, which provided mutual rights of search and the trial of slave ships in mixed courts.