- Title Pages
- Dedication
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- List of Charts
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Acronyms
- 1 The Early Episodes: 1794–1914
- 2 Herbert Hoover
- 3 “But Now Came Famine and Pestilence”
- 4 Between the Wars
- 5 Interlude
- 6 The Birth, Short Life, and Early Death of the UNRRA
- 7 Harry Truman, European Hunger, and the Cold War
- 8 The Marshall Plan Era
- 9 Public Law 480
- 10 The Politics of Food Surpluses
- 11 Kennedy
- 12 Lyndon Johnson’s Food Aid Battles
- 13 LBJ, India, and the Short Tether
- 14 The Nixon Years
- 15 A Global Food Crisis
- 16 The World Food Conference
- 17 Food Aid Under Carter and Reagan
- 18 The Search for Food Security
- 19 The Ethiopia Conundrum
- 20 From Food Aid to Food Assistance: 1990–2014
- 21 Change . . . and Resisting Change
- Bibliography
- Index
From Food Aid to Food Assistance: 1990–2014
From Food Aid to Food Assistance: 1990–2014
- Chapter:
- (p.450) 20 From Food Aid to Food Assistance: 1990–2014
- Source:
- The Political History of American Food Aid
- Author(s):
Barry Riley
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This chapter describes the many changes legislated for American food aid as, first, American nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) succeeded in receiving expanded legislative authority to use food aid for development objectives; second, “food security” became the primary objective of all forms of American food aid; and, third, Title III, Section 416(b) and Title I dwindled into non-availability. The remaining forms (Title II, Food for Progress, and Food for Education) seemed primed to focus on development objectives linked to improving food security. Unfortunately, the combination of budget stringencies, the increasing cost of food, the unwillingness of Congress to “untie” food purchases from domestic American sources, and a rapid increase in emergency relief needs conspired to greatly reduce the amount of food available to NGO and WFP development programs.
Keywords: food security, Title I, Title II, Title III, McGovern-Dole Food for Education, Food for Progress, emergency needs, 1990 farm bill
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- Title Pages
- Dedication
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- List of Charts
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Acronyms
- 1 The Early Episodes: 1794–1914
- 2 Herbert Hoover
- 3 “But Now Came Famine and Pestilence”
- 4 Between the Wars
- 5 Interlude
- 6 The Birth, Short Life, and Early Death of the UNRRA
- 7 Harry Truman, European Hunger, and the Cold War
- 8 The Marshall Plan Era
- 9 Public Law 480
- 10 The Politics of Food Surpluses
- 11 Kennedy
- 12 Lyndon Johnson’s Food Aid Battles
- 13 LBJ, India, and the Short Tether
- 14 The Nixon Years
- 15 A Global Food Crisis
- 16 The World Food Conference
- 17 Food Aid Under Carter and Reagan
- 18 The Search for Food Security
- 19 The Ethiopia Conundrum
- 20 From Food Aid to Food Assistance: 1990–2014
- 21 Change . . . and Resisting Change
- Bibliography
- Index