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Modern Thermodynamics for Chemists and Biochemists$
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Modern Thermodynamics for Chemists and Biochemists

Dennis Sherwood and Paul Dalby

Print publication date: 2018

Print ISBN-13: 9780198782957

Published to Oxford Scholarship Online: August 2018

DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198782957.001.0001

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Acids, bases and buffer solutions

Acids, bases and buffer solutions

Chapter:
(p.534) 17 Acids, bases and buffer solutions
Source:
Modern Thermodynamics for Chemists and Biochemists
Author(s):

Dennis Sherwood

Paul Dalby

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198782957.003.0017

Many reactions in solution involve acids and bases, and so this chapter examines these important reactions in detail. Topics covered include the ionisation of water, pH, pOH, acids and bases, conjugate acids and conjugate bases, acid and base dissociation constants, the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, the Henderson-Hasselbalch approximation, buffer solutions and buffer capacity. A unique feature of this chapter is a ‘first principles’ analysis of how a reaction buffered at a particular pH achieves an equilibrium composition different from that of the same reaction taking place in an unbuffered solution. This introduces some concepts which are important in understanding the biochemical standard state, as required for Chapter 23.

Keywords:   dissociation, dissociation constant, ionisation of water, pH, pOH, acid, base, weak acid, conjugate acid, conjugate base, acid dissociation constant, base dissociation constant, Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, Henderson-Hasselbalch approximation, buffer solution, buffer capacity, mass action effect, Van Slyke equation

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