The Howards in India
The Howards in India
Lord Curzon, Viceroy of India, established the Imperial Research Agricultural Institute to draw scientists together in a single location to solve the challenges facing India’s farmers, which included plant disease, soil infertility, low production per acre, and famine. Unknown to most organic farming enthusiasts is the fact that Howard supported the use of artificial pesticides for fruits and vegetables imported into India, and that his colleagues at Pusa pioneered and published many of the same principles as the famous “Indore compost” method that Howard popularized in his book Agricultural Testament, upon his retirement from India in 1939. Howard took these experiments further than his colleagues, formulated them, and popularized them.
Keywords: Lord Curzon, Albert Howard, Gabrielle Matthaei, Pusa, Indore, soil infertility, compost
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