Introduction
Introduction
The Mismeasure of Deliberation
This chapter introduces the key themes by noting that many empirical studies of deliberative democracy appear to study neither deliberation, nor democracy. The authors set out two ways of thinking about the deliberative quality of democracies. The first is additive: there are procedures and institutions that insert deliberation into a democratic forum or system. The second is summative: the deliberative quality may emerge from the complex interactions of many practices and institutions rather than an input generated by one or two of them. Drawing mainly on additive ideas, it sets out a fairly standard account of what the deliberative quality adds to democratic goods like inclusion, representation, and will-formation; but that quality can also conflict with democratic goals and functions. One of the book’s goals is to redemocratize deliberation by placing democratic agents at the centre of its study.
Keywords: deliberation, deliberative democracy, deliberative systems, additive, summative, democracy
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